JLPT N5 Grammar — Japanese Language Proficiency Test

#	Japanese	Romaji	Meaning
1	ちゃいけない	cha ikenai / ja ikenai	must not do (spoken Japanese)
2	だ・です	da / desu	to be (am, is, are, were, used to)
3	だけ	dake	only; just; as much as
4	だろう	darou	I think; it seems; probably; right?
5	で	de	in; at; on; by; with; via
6	でも	demo	but; however
7	でしょう	deshou	I think; it seems; probably; right?
8	どんな	donna	what kind of; what sort of
9	どうして	doushite	why; for what reason; how
10	どうやって	douyatte	how; in what way; by what means
11	が	ga	subject marker; however; but
12	があります	ga arimasu	there is; is (non-living things)
13	がほしい	ga hoshii	to want something
14	がいます	ga imasu	there is; to be; is (living things)
15	ほうがいい	hou ga ii	had better; it'd be better to; should~
16	い-adjectives	i-adjectives	i-adjectives
17	一番	ichiban	the most; the best
18	一緒に	issho ni	together
19	いつも	itsumo	always; usually; habitually
20	じゃない	janai / dewa nai	to not be (am not; is not; are not)
21	か	ka	question particle
22	か〜か	ka-ka	or
23	から	kara	because; since; from
24	方	kata	way of doing something; how to do
25	けど	kedo	but; however; although
26	けれども	keredo mo	but; however; although
27	まだ	mada	still; not yet
28	まだ〜ていません	mada -te imasen	have not yet
29	まで	made	until; as far as ~; to (an extent)
30	前に	mae ni	before; in front of -
31	ませんか	masen ka	would you; do you want to; shall we~
32	ましょう	mashou	let's~; shall we ~
33	ましょうか	mashouka	shall I~; used to offer help
34	も	mo	too; also; as well
35	もう	mou	already; anymore; again; other
36	な-adjectives	na-adjectives	na-adjectives
37	なあ	naa	confirmation; admiration, etc
38	ないで	naide	without doing~
39	ないでください	naide kudasai	please don't do
40	ないといけない	naito ikenai	must do; have an obligation to do
41	なくてもいい	naku temo ii	don't have to
42	なくちゃ	nakucha	must do; need to; gotta do
43	なくてはいけない	nakute wa ikenai	must do; need to do
44	なくてはならない	nakute wa naranai	must do; need to do
45	なる	naru	to become
46	んです	ndesu	to explain something; emphasis
47	ね	ne	isn't it? right? eh?
48	に	ni	destination particle; in; at; on; to
49	にいく	ni iku	go to do
50	にする	ni suru	to decide on
51	にへ	ni/e	to (indicates direction / destination)
52	の	no	possessive particle
53	のです	no desu	to explain something; emphasis
54	のが下手	no ga heta	to be bad at doing something
55	のが上手	no ga jouzu	to be good at
56	のが好き	no ga suki	to like doing something
57	の中で[A]が一番	no naka de [A] ga ichiban	out of this group, [A] is best
58	ので	node	because of; given that; since
59	おご	o/go	polite marker; honorific prefix particle
60	を	o/wo	object marker particle
61	をください	o kudasai	please give me~
62	しかし	shikashi	but; however
63	それから	sore kara	and then; after that; since then
64	そして	soshite	and then; thus; and now~
65	すぎる	sugiru	too much
66	たことがある	ta koto ga aru	to have done something before
67	たい	tai	want to do something
68	たり〜たり	tari-tari	do such things as A and B
69	てある	te aru	is/has been done (resulting state)
70	ている	te iru	ongoing action or current state
71	てから	te kara	after doing~
72	てください	te kudasai	please do
73	てはいけない	te wa ikenai	must not; may not; cannot
74	てもいいです	temo ii desu	is OK to..; is alright to..; may I..?
75	と	to	and; with; as; connecting particle
76	とき	toki	when; at this time
77	とても	totemo	very; awfully; exceedingly
78	つもり	tsumori	plan to ; intend to ~
79	は	wa - topic marker	topic marker
80	は〜より・・・です	wa yori... desu	[A] is more than [B]
81	はどうですか	wa dou desu ka	how about; how is
82	や	ya	and; or; connecting particle
83	よ	yo	you know; emphasis (ending particle)
84	より〜ほうが	yori -hou ga	[A] is more than [B]

1

ちゃいけない

cha ikenai / ja ikenai

must not do (spoken Japanese)

2

だ・です

da / desu

to be (am, is, are, were, used to)

3

だけ

dake

only; just; as much as

4

だろう

darou

I think; it seems; probably; right?

5

で

de

in; at; on; by; with; via

6

でも

demo

but; however

7

でしょう

deshou

I think; it seems; probably; right?

8

どんな

donna

what kind of; what sort of

9

どうして

doushite

why; for what reason; how

10

どうやって

douyatte

how; in what way; by what means

11

が

ga

subject marker; however; but

12

があります

ga arimasu

there is; is (non-living things)

13

がほしい

ga hoshii

to want something

14

がいます

ga imasu

there is; to be; is (living things)

15

ほうがいい

hou ga ii

had better; it'd be better to; should~

16

い-adjectives

i-adjectives

17

一番

ichiban

the most; the best

18

一緒に

issho ni

together

19

いつも

itsumo

always; usually; habitually

20

じゃない

janai / dewa nai

to not be (am not; is not; are not)

21

か

ka

question particle

22

か〜か

ka-ka

or

23

から

kara

because; since; from

24

方

kata

way of doing something; how to do

25

けど

kedo

but; however; although

26

けれども

keredo mo

but; however; although

27

まだ

mada

still; not yet

28

まだ〜ていません

mada -te imasen

have not yet

29

まで

made

until; as far as ~; to (an extent)

30

前に

mae ni

before; in front of -

31

ませんか

masen ka

would you; do you want to; shall we~

32

ましょう

mashou

let's~; shall we ~

33

ましょうか

mashouka

shall I~; used to offer help

34

も

mo

too; also; as well

35

もう

mou

already; anymore; again; other

36

な-adjectives

na-adjectives

37

なあ

naa

confirmation; admiration, etc

38

ないで

naide

without doing~

39

ないでください

naide kudasai

please don't do

40

ないといけない

naito ikenai

must do; have an obligation to do

41

なくてもいい

naku temo ii

don't have to

42

なくちゃ

nakucha

must do; need to; gotta do

43

なくてはいけない

nakute wa ikenai

must do; need to do

44

なくてはならない

nakute wa naranai

must do; need to do

45

なる

naru

to become

46

んです

ndesu

to explain something; emphasis

47

ね

ne

isn't it? right? eh?

48

に

ni

destination particle; in; at; on; to

49

にいく

ni iku

go to do

50

にする

ni suru

to decide on

51

にへ

ni/e

to (indicates direction / destination)

52

の

no

possessive particle

53

のです

no desu

to explain something; emphasis

54

のが下手

no ga heta

to be bad at doing something

55

のが上手

no ga jouzu

to be good at

56

のが好き

no ga suki

to like doing something

57

の中で[A]が一番

no naka de [A] ga ichiban

out of this group, [A] is best

58

ので

node

because of; given that; since

59

おご

o/go

polite marker; honorific prefix particle

60

を

o/wo

object marker particle

61

をください

o kudasai

please give me~

62

しかし

shikashi

but; however

63

それから

sore kara

and then; after that; since then

64

そして

soshite

and then; thus; and now~

65

すぎる

sugiru

too much

66

たことがある

ta koto ga aru

to have done something before

67

たい

tai

want to do something

68

たり〜たり

tari-tari

do such things as A and B

69

てある

te aru

is/has been done (resulting state)

70

ている

te iru

ongoing action or current state

71

てから

te kara

after doing~

72

てください

te kudasai

please do

73

てはいけない

te wa ikenai

must not; may not; cannot

74

てもいいです

temo ii desu

is OK to..; is alright to..; may I..?

75

と

to

and; with; as; connecting particle

76

とき

toki

when; at this time

77

とても

totemo

very; awfully; exceedingly

78

つもり

tsumori

plan to ; intend to ~

79

は

wa - topic marker

topic marker

80

は〜より・・・です

wa yori... desu

[A] is more than [B]

81

はどうですか

wa dou desu ka

how about; how is

82

や

ya

and; or; connecting particle

83

よ

yo

you know; emphasis (ending particle)

84

より〜ほうが

yori -hou ga

[A] is more than [B]